Exchange-traded funds or ETFs (abbreviation for Exchange Traded Fund) are investment funds whose shares are traded on an exchange. ETF funds have become widespread in recent decades. Shares are a unit of ownership in a company

A pip is the minimum change in price movement. In simple terms, it is a standard unit for measuring how much the exchange rate has changed in value.

The balance reflects the state of the account for closed positions. As soon as the deal is closed, the balance of the deposit changes immediately, and up or down, it depends on the results of the trading operation. The funds demonstrate the dynamics of fluctuations in the funds on the deposit. When a deal is opened, the funds of the entire account will either increase at the moments of profit growth for the current operation, then decrease if the position gains a loss.

"Bulls" and "bears" is a common name in exchange circles for market participants who play on the rise or fall of currencies or securities.